A Case for the Legitimate Use of Marijuana

It is normal for people to feel that rules are meant to forbid. When one goes out for a short drive for instance, he or she would encounter a lot of rules to observe – speed-limits, stop-lights, pedestrian lanes, no right or left turn signals, among many others.But it is also not wrong to think that rules, while they forbid certain things to be done, are actually meant to regulate. This means that laws exists not really to stop people from doing what they so desire. Instead, they are there to regulate so that the people can live in a decent and harmonious society.Currently, the use of marijuana is forbidden by a lot of world governments, the United States included. And it is normally accepted that such prohibition stems from the desire to implement peace and order in the society. We all know for a fact that marijuana is a type of drug that, when smoked, can elicit certain psychological and physical effects.People who smoke marijuana experience a feeling of being high – i.e., they feel a sensation characterized by being relaxed or pacified, or being a dreamy or semi-conscious state. Marijuana can make a person lose control as well. This is why, many authorities have forbidden its cultivation and possession, because its use can make a person do certain things he or she do not want to.Be that as it may, I still would like to argue that authorities must start looking at the possibility of legitimizing the use of marijuana for medical purposes.The Benefits of Marijuana Use for Medical PurposesThe use of marijuana, as mentioned, can bring about certain psychological effects. And many authorities fear that, if left unchecked, its widespread use can lead people to commit heinous crimes such as gang-wars, robbery, rape and even homicide.But in their desire to regulate the use of marijuana, in view of the noble purpose of maintaining peace and quiet within the society, many authorities have also undermined the benefits which can be gained from its use. Spec ifically, these governments are overlooking the fact that marijuana can help doctors, and all those attending to the medical needs of the patients, administer helpful ways to effectively address pain management.The hospital is a place where sick persons are treated. Most often than not, these treatments come with a very high price – i.e., these persons have to deal with the pain that comes with having to be treated with their illnesses. In a manner of speaking, doctors and medical practitioners are tasked not only with the duty to cure their patients’ sickness, but also to make sure that patients can tolerate the cure which would be given to them.There are certain cures – for instance, surgeries – which are accompanied with intolerable pain. This is why, pain management is an essential part of medical practice.In view of such need, I have reasons to think that governments can start looking into the possibility of allowing the legitimate use of marijuana, if only doctors and nurses can be helped in addressing pain management issues. Since marijuana can make a people less conscious of their bodily sensation, a dose of which can help patients deal with the pain of certain medical cures. This is especially true after surgeries.When a patient undergoes surgery, the aftermath can be very stressful. He or she needs to put up with the grimacing pain that comes with the medical procedure. And there are even times when, because of the intense pain, patients get to be traumatized because of the intense pain that comes with their operation.The use of anesthesia to address this pain issues is a common practice in the medical field. But because any high dosage giving out of anesthesia can seriously affect bodily functions, many doctors opt to use it quite sparingly. They would rather have the patients bear their post-procedure pain, than give them medicines which can seriously impede their normal physiological functions.

Chlorine and Magnesium Lab Introduction Essay

Introduction The purpose of this lab experiment is to determine the atomic weight of magnesium by measuring the amount of hydrogen gas evolved when hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium. The reaction is as followed: Mg + 2HCL ? H2 + Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) In this experiment there is a one to one relationship between the number of moles of hydrogen gas evolved and the moles of magnesium metal consumed in the reaction. Therefore in the finding of the experiment moles of H2 evolved is equal to the moles of Mg consumed, and atomic weight of Mg is equal to the weight of Mg consumed per moles of H2 evolved. Procedure 1st. Obtain a 600ml beaker, add 300ml of water 2nd. add 30ml of HCl (2M) to the beaker and stir 3rd. add 10mg of Magnesium metal to the beaker 4th. Allow hydrogen gas to evolve, all of the magnesium should be consumed. 6th. Record the amount of hydrogen gas evolved using the chemical property dialog. Observations and Results Moles of hydrogen evolved: 0. 000829g (8. 29 x 10-4)/ 0. 000411 moles, (4. 1 x 10-4) Calculated atomic weight of magnesium: ______________ Atomic weight of Mg = weight of Magnesium/moles of H2 Moles of H2 evolved = moles of Mg consumed Atomic weight of Mg= /0. 000411moles During my observation I noticed that when 10mg of magnesium metal was added to the beaker a shaded area appeared on the bottom of the beaker. When the bubbles stopped and the shaded area in the beaker disappeared it showed that the magnesium has been consumed. Discussion Conclusion < Within a few sentences, provide a concluding statement about the results of your laboratory>

Movie Boiler Room Legal Perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Movie Boiler Room Legal Perspective - Essay Example him shares on Farrow Tech offering information that the company has a revolutionary new drug that will soon be approved by the Food and Drug Administration. On the promise of high returns, he lures the buyer by initially selling a minimum amount on the basis of testing the waters. Then, when the stocks have had a minimal percentage gain, Harry would fall at ease with Seth as his broker. However, when the stocks dropped, Harry wanted to pull out his money but Seth reels him back in by declaring he has information that the drug will actually soon be approved. He pushes it further claiming there is another product to hit the market and eventually was successful in attaining a $50,000 dollar investment from Harry. The latter had consequently invested his family’s entire savings (Younger, Boiler Room). These actions constitute fraud in the inducement contrary to law. The elements of this kind of fraud are: â€Å"1. a false representation; 2. of a fact; 3. that is material and; 4. made with knowledge of its falsity and the intention to deceive (scienter); and 5. which representation is justifiably relied on† (Mann and Roberts 211). More specifically, it is fraud through false representations. Since ordinarily, nondisclosure in sales does not constitute an actionable offense, the misrepresentation must have the following requisites: â€Å"(1) a person fails to disclose a fact known to him; (2) he knows that the disclosure of that fact would correct a mistake of the other party as to a basic assumption on which that party is making the contract; and (3) nondisclosure of the fact amounts to a failure to act in good faith and in accordance with reasonable standards of fair dealing† (Mann and Roberts 211-212). There is material false representation in the movie since all the information Seth told Harry were not based on any factual assertion but were just fabrications made by JT Marlin . Based on these representations, people bought the shares he offered. In fact, despite

Decadal Sand Bar Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Decadal Sand Bar Behavior - Essay Example Tough availability of the material is of equal importance in forming a sand bar; the size of the material of the Sand Bar depends on the size of the waves or the strength of the material. As a bar is merely a disposition of material by the water, in case of vessel grounding on these bars is worse off than grounding on stationary rocks. This is because of the more destruction caused by the shifting action of these materials. These bars can spread over a considerable range in size and length, from just a couple of meters in a small stream to large depositions stretching over hundreds of kilometres along a coastline, commonly known as barrier islands. Long shore currents or even fluvial currents in the shallow water coastal environments are responsible for the construction of submerged bars. These bars are strongly determined by the amount of unused sediment available along a shore. These sediments along the shore are called its "sand budget" and determine the number of bars that form along the coastline. The types of submerged bars and the orientations and shapes are controlled by the way the sediments are transported through the shore zone. Along the shoreline which is mostly dominated by waves, the shore current carry and deposit the sediments along the shore face in parallel bars to the shore. ... The phenomena of wave refraction and zone interaction are also responsible for creating shore currents that helps the disposition and transportation of sand particles in deep water. Tides also are a major medium of transportation of the sediments; submerged tidal bars which are perpendicular to the coastline are also formed due to these bidirectional tidal currents. There are tidal deltas which are kinds of submerged bars formed on either side of the island inlet due to the tides which transport sand into and out of coast through barrier island inlets. These submerged bars are also formed in places where the rivers enter the ocean. When fresh water from a curbed channel discharges into the ocean having salt water, the current becomes slow and deposit its sediment at the mouth of the river called the channel mouth bar. Many of these different kinds of submerged bars namely long shore bars, channel mouth bars and the tidal bars coexist in a same environment. This is due to the wave action and tidal currents which influence the shore to a great extent. Shore parallel and perpendicular processes create bars with intermediate curved or diagonally oriented structures. These submerged bars characteristically obstruct natural and man-made outlets into the ocean, and are hazards well know to the navigation. Offshore features of a beach include bars that that are formed at or off the shore of a sea or a river. There are times when large waves attack the beach shore-zone and some of the beach's sand is redistributed off the shore resulting in a sandbar or long shore bar. Due to these bars forms the waves start breaking and because these breaking waves set up currents towards the shore with a currents countering along the

Paraphrasing 850 words Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Paraphrasing 850 words - Essay Example This research method belongs to the category of qualitative research and lacks proper methodology and the methods involved in carrying out a case study research does not make the outcome of the research obvious to the researcher (Wilkinson, 2003). Researchers argue that the case study based research involves other research methods that are qualitative in nature and are used for performing research regarding a phenomenon or sociological imperative. In the field of business, researches are based on both the qualitative as well as the quantitative methods in order to develop an in-depth analysis of organizations (Yin, 2003). In case study research the methodology used includes those techniques that have already been used in performing investigations on phenomenon that are related to the field of social sciences. This research method helps researchers in collecting as well as analyzing and reporting of information and data in a systematic manner (Wilkinson, 2003). By conducting a case study based research the researcher is able to identify why a particular event took place and this will be helpful in conducting further research (Creswell, 2007). Researchers even believe that in this form of research the method used for the purpose of analysis is of utmost importance because in this method the focus is not only on human beings as well as teams, the focus is even on the procedure through which actions are conducted. When case study method is used it is essential to focus on a couple of issues while understanding the system that is being scrutinized (Creswell & Plano, 2007). While conducting the study the questions that were used for interviewing were tested for content as well as face validity. This was essential to identify whether the questions were effective in directing the process of the study. These questions were tested for content validity to obtain a sample of the various behaviors that were represented by

Ethical Case Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethical Case Analysis - Essay Example It defines the organization’s role as the promotion of availability of information, freedom of speech and transparency. Hacktivism, however, does not necessarily mean criminal ventures as it includes application of websites’ links to publish information on social networks. Posts such as like a particular page for facebook to make donations towards a cause are examples. The author however simplifies its definition to application of the internet to facilitate an objective (Carter, p. 1). Anonymous is the illustrated example of hacktivist group that breaks into websites whose opinion the organization does not agree with. The group also applies its high level of skills to close down websites such as those of governments and other organizations as counter attack initiatives for actions that are offensive to its objectives. Its reaction to the temporary closure of the Wikileaks website is the recent example. The group is also involved in other mass action movements. The author however notes that most internet users in social network unknowingly participate in hackivism through following hacktivists’ directives to publish links on their social network pages (Carter, p. 1). The article identifies two moral agents. Anonymous group is identified as a specific moral agent and the social network users who engage in the type of publications as general moral agents in the case. This is because the parties’ initiatives that involve conveyance of information to the public can be determined as either right or wrong. The act can be right to the effect of truthfully criticizing an evil or advocating for a beneficial initiative but can be bad if the criticism is not based on the truth, leading to harm. Anonymous for example advocates for freedom of expression and acts in defense against authoritarian initiatives. Depending on the consequences of their actions, they can be judged as either good or bad. Actions of individuals in

The Workplace Relations Amendment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

The Workplace Relations Amendment - Essay Example (Parliament of Australia, 2006) The bill has caused strong reactions from numerous stakeholders. A substantial number of employer association affirmed their support for the Bill. However, there are also some trade unions and labor associations that strongly campaigned against the Act. Some of these groups oppose the way the Bill was passed in parliament; they feel that most of them were not adequately informed about it. These arguments were brought forward by opposition members of parliament who argued that members of the Liberal National Coalition did not give the Bill enough time. However, there are intentions to change many parts of the Work Choices legislation as asserted by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd. He represents the Labor party which may have won the election due to this issue. Numerous opposition parliamentarians were opposed to the legislation. This affected the way the matter was handled in parliament. These opposition members; who represented the Labor party, claimed that there were inadequate copies of the Bill. Consequently, they took part in numerous campaigns against the Bill on the day it was introduced. Matters became more heated when parliamentarians were required to question the Bill; Labor party members were seen interrupting remarks made by proponents of the Bill and a substantial number had to be removed from the House. ... This was quite a hurried arrangement. As if that was not enough, the Bill was passed exactly a month after it had been introduced. Minister at that time argued that the hurried response was to avoid introduction of the legislation during an election year. However, this undermined the need for consensus. In order for pieces of legislation to gain acceptance by the public, they need to be thoroughly scrutinized. When this is not done effectively, some problems may arise in the future especially during implementation. The role of the Australian Industrial Relations Commission (AIRC) The AIRC has been in charge of unfair dismissals and terminations too. However, the enactment of the Work Choices legislation has reduced their efforts in this regard. For example, employees who wish to make a claim to the Commission about unfair dismissals are expected to do so within a period of twenty one days fork the time their employment was terminated. This means that employees are placed at a disadvantage because twenty one days are not enough. In light of this, the legislation places more power in the hands of the employer rather than the employee since most of them may not be bale to meet this new deadline. The Australian Industrial Relations Commission is expected to approve extensions of claim periods. However, it has been shown that most of the time, these extensions are rarely granted. Part of the reason for this could be that there is a fee for application and most employees may not be able to afford this. Another reason for this observation could be the long procedures that employees have to pass through before they are granted extensions. The Work Relations Amendment has created long procedures;

Being Aware of Effective Leadership Research Paper

Being Aware of Effective Leadership - Research Paper Example However, even those theorists have not come up with conclusive evidence as to who is an effective leader. For example, trait theorists cannot explain how individuals with similar traits perform differently in different situations or an agreed set of traits that make up great leaders. This paper will try to discuss effective leadership using one of the great leaders in history; Bill Gates. The Microsoft Corporation was founded in 1975 by two young individuals Bill Gates and Paul Allen and has grown to be a giant in the industry. William H. Gates III was born in October 28, 1955 in Seattle Washington. He was the only son of William Gates II a well known and accomplished attorney. Since his early childhood gates was very intelligent and astonished with computers. His parents wanted him to pursue a law career but that was never to be as he was more interested in computers. He was enrolled in a public school but was later transferred to lakeside school since his parents wanted him to have a more challenging environment which matched his exceptional abilities. It was while there that Bill began his journey as an inventor and a great entrepreneur. He and his friend Paul Allen took time to study computer programming by themselves and began writing computer programs (Wallace, 1992). Gates was enrolled in Harvard University in 1973 where he continued pursuing his interest in computer programming. When an opportunity arose, he quit college to pursue his career. This came about through a cover story on popular electronics magazine which carried a cover story on a microcomputer, the Altair, made by the MITS firm in New Mexico. He and his colleague Allen offered to develop an interpreter for the program; Microsoft BASIC interpreter. In 1975 they founded the Microsoft Company which is now the largest personal computer software company (Gates, 1996). He became the chief executive officer, chief software architect, chairman and the largest individual shareholder until the year 2000 when he stepped down as the CEO but retained the chairmanship of the Board. He was recognized by the times magazine as one of the 100 people who most influenced the 20th century and one of the 100 most influential people of 2004, 2005 and 2006 (Wallace, 1992). In 1994, he was recognized as the CEO of the year by CEO magazine and in 2011, he was the fifth most powerful person in the world (Forbes, 2012). This is in addition to the numerous honorary degrees he has received from various universities for his exemplary work. Bill Gates has played a great role in driving Microsoft Corporation to where it is today. First, through his efforts and that of Allen they founded the company from scratch with their skills. He was involved in designing software which was the key task in the newly formed company. They started by developing the BASIC interpreter for MITS which allowed individuals to play games among other functions. He also began the idea of charging for the use of software. Tho ugh his idea was unpopular, he persisted and later it became the norm for software developers (Gates, 1996). Gates also developed the Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) for IBM one of the computer giant companies but retained the right to license other manufacturers. Soon the operating system became the universal standard for personal computers. He was also involved in

COURSE REPORT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

COURSE REPORT - Essay Example In the writing of any work, acknowledgement of the source of material is necessary (Ng 93). Through the course teaching, I have come to have an in-depth understanding of how to cite in Modern Language Association (MLA) citation style. As a result, I was able to reflect on the mistakes I have made in previous assignment and how I could have avoided them. Since personal interview is a source of information, which could be used in writing an essay, its coverage in the course, provided me with more knowledge. There are numerous forms of writing, contract essay being included. The course gave an in depth analysis of writing intermediate level compressing contract essays. This was essential in the formation of my strong base, which will be very helpful in handling other levels of essays. In addition, the course gave an intensive coverage of grammar. This enhanced my sentence structure and word choice, which has continuously been reflected in my writings. In writing of any piece of work, not all views on a subject/idea are the same. As a result, it is usually necessary to take into consideration the opposing views, which usually give a new dimension of looking into issues. Through the course training, I got an understanding on how I would effectively write an opposing view. The contribution of the course to my personal and professional development cannot be neglected. It improved my grammar and citation proficiency as well as providing me with more knowledge on writing essays. As a result, I would to appreciate all persons who contributed to its successful delivery either directly or

Integrated Case Study - Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Integrated Case Study - Assignment - Essay Example Taking reference from the past experiences, ASHH PLC currently intends to implement its marketing and other associated sustainability theories within the ‘Indian hospitality sector’ so as to improvise its efficiency, survival and profitability factor irrespective of the increasing level of global competition. In keeping with these aspects, the discussion will focus towards evaluating all the sustainability strategies, that ASHH PLC have planned for implementing in the hospitality sector of India. The details regarding these aspects have been provided in the undermined sections. If seen from the economic growth perspective, it can be stated that hospitality industry within India has attained considerable amount of growth in the last few years and thus is currently accounted as an economic factor. As an additive advantage, the Indian government within the past few financial years has also projected high level of flexibility in terms of permitting appreciable amount of foreign investments (Hotel News Now, 2013). However, multiple issues are ought to arise, taking consideration of the fact that the political scenarios within India are quite different in comparison to that of Sri Lanka from where the ASHH PLC belongs. One such issue can be described as the bureaucratic environment that clouds the functionality and growth factor associated with the Indian hotels. This issue often gets linked up and is reflected as a security factor, which in turn distorts the likeness of the international customers who expects hassle free luxury and accommodation. ASHH PLC will have to deal with this issue before they strategize to expand their coverage within the domestic markets of India (Hotel News Now, 2013). The second identified issue that might restrict the functionality and profitability of ASHH PLC is regarding the price centric nature of the Indian customers. From the psychological

Let’s analyze the gaming console industry Essay Example for Free

Let’s analyze the gaming console industry Essay We can define two types of supplier: the hardware supplier and the software supplier. The hardware suppliers providing the elements needed to build the consoles have a low bargaining power because there have very low switching costs and there are a lot of them. On the other hand, the software suppliers (developers) have a high bargaining power because they choose and set the conditions to work with each console. Entry Barriers Entry barriers are high because of high RD costs and the high capital investment needed to start a business in the console industry. Internal Rivalry There is high internal rivalry among competitors because the core player market is growing slowly, competitors have high exit barriers and the products developed turn obsoletes in less than 5 years due to the fast progress of technology. The players in the industry are: Sony, XBOX and Nintendo. Buyer Power The bargaining power of buyers is high because there are many options with very low switching costs. Substitutes Low substitute power because they are not very similar (like TV or other entertainment device) and don’t fulfill the same exact purpose. Sony has few competitors due to high barriers-to-entry and startup costs but buyers and suppliers (game developers) have high bargaining power and low switching costs. Sony should target a new market as Nintendo did. We could call this market the casual players market. In order to get in this new segment, Sony will have to develop a more interactive way of using their console without dropping the numerous features to avoid losing their core player market share. The key of success for Sony is to adapt a new technology such as Nintendo did with Wii that will enable the company to target a broader market and not only the males from 16-36 years old. The advantage of entering those two markets with one console is that Sony will enter a bigger market with bigger returns and consequently bigger economies of scales. Also, entering the casual player market is important for the company to avoid falling behind its competitors in both markets since this new segment will enhance the brand exposure and recognition. The risk associated to this option is to turn this high performing console in a low performing console (as Nintendo did) and lose the core players customers that are very important to Sony financial stability and growth. A big challenge for this new console will be to cut costs in order to make it more accessible to customers, since the casual players market will definitely be â€Å"guided† by price. Vis-a-vis the Five Forces, if Sony were to pursue this option, the company will be competing in the core player market and on the casual player market. On the casual player market the substitutes will have more power. Sony will compete with other activities such as watching TV, watching a movie and others living room activities. The main â€Å"purpose† of this market is entertainment in general while the core player market is about playing video games. Update: Sony and Microsoft had already implemented advanced interactive technologies. Nowadays, Microsoft has the most advanced software and hardware that don’t need controllers anymore, just your body.

George Gittoes White Earth Essay Example for Free

George Gittoes White Earth Essay George Gittoes art piece, White Earth is a dramatic oil on canvas depicting the political corruption a 15 year old boy had been pressured into. Gittoes, the renowned Australian artist has always created his pieces by inspiration of his life experiences. He has an immense passion for art and humanity so being an eye witness to suffrage of humanity all over the world is conveyed in his work. White Earth is another successful and captivating work. Gittoes was witness to an Afrikaaner Weerstands Beweging (AWB) Rally in South Africa of April 1994, where he saw a 15 year old boy submerged in the propaganda of Nazi in youths. The young boy gets on the stage silent with resentment as photographers begin to infinitely snap at him. Gittoes sympathy for the boy is emphasized as he retells them raping and torturing him. Too young to understand the political corruption he is stuck between being used by the ABW and being tortured by the international press. Trapped, as the victim of this controversial saga, his only escape is to close his eyes, however it is impossible to close his to ears to the Hate Speech delivered by Terre Blanche. Gittoes sympathized for his entrapment and compelling distressed state, so he depicts and dramatically distorts this experience through the art piece, White Earth. Being one to love expressionism, his passion for it gives meaning to convey and express emotions and feelings. He exaggerates the boy giving specific detail and emphasis to his ears. The distortion of his ears expresses the impossibility of closing his now larger ears. The figure to the right is racist Terre Blanche driving the propaganda into him, taking advantage of his naà ¯ve and young position. Distinct lines and vibrant colours on the boys face determine his resentment and struggle in his entrapment of what is around him. Once again George Gittoes amazes us with his brilliant techniques and skills. The strokes and their positioning all are part of his meaning in this sad  piece. Distortion not only occurs in his ears but all over his body, he appears larger as if we had grown up, Gittoes portraying his growth is too fast and unnatural due to the boys youth and already political career. White Earth along with many of George Gittoes work depicts inhumanity, suffrage and the struggle of people everywhere. It is on of his best works portraying the struggle of a boy stuck between two corruptions and expressing his longing to escape the entrapment. Art lovers all over the world have passion for this renowned piece and those hating suffrage and inhumanity will also be touched by this intricate story ever so sad yet breathtaking piece, by the profound and magnificent George Gittoes.

Ganglioneuroblastoma During Pregnancy †Case Report

Ganglioneuroblastoma During Pregnancy – Case Report Rare case of ganglioneuroblastoma during pregnancy – case report Abstract Ganglioneuroblastoma is a very rare tumor, especially in pregnancy. So far the association between this tumor and pregnancy has not been reported. We present a case of ganglioneuroblastoma relapse at a 3rd trimester pregnant woman. Neurological symptoms developed late, increased by the effects of pregnancy on the brain tumor. Therapeutic management in this case represents a medical dilemma regarding mode setting and timing of delivery, taking into account the maternal-fetal risk-benefit. In this case caesarean section under general anesthesia was settled, with the need of postpartum brain tumor excision. Keywords: ganglioneuroblastoma, pregnancy, treatment, caesarean section Introduction Ganglioneuroblastoma is a neuroblastic tumor containing malignant elements characteristic to neuroblastoma and benign elements found in ganglioneurinoma (1). Intracranial tumors are extremely rare in pregnancy (2). By their rarity and their diagnosis in the last trimester of pregnancy, intracranial tumors have an increased risk of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Cranial tumors tend to increase and become symptomatic in the last trimester of pregnancy, the causes not being entirely known. Therefore any woman with an existing neurological condition should consult her obstetrician and her neurologist before she becomes pregnant (3). Management of these cases should evaluate whether the mothers and the fetuss lives are threatened. A multidisciplinary team recommends the optimal timing for the termination of pregnancy, as determined by the fetus maturity and mothers neurological condition (4). The present study reports one case of pregnant women in the third trimester with ganglioneuroblastoma. The patient underwent caesarean section under general anesthesia at 36 weeks gestation with favorable postoperative evolution. So far, there are no well-established protocols regarding the management of intracranial tumors (especially ganglioneuroblastoma) in pregnant women. Case report I.A., 20-year-old woman, G1P1L0, was admitted to our hospital due to weak, irregular uterine contractions in her 36th week of gestation. Patient’s history: in 2005 the patient was diagnosed with right parietal lobe ganglioneuroblastoma. She had undergone surgery followed by radiochemotherapy and anticonvulsive therapy with phenytoin for about one year with favorable outcome. Six years following resection, the patient had no radiologic recurrence. The pregnant woman was taken out by a gynecologist in the first trimester of pregnancy, with the usual analyzes of pregnancy, ultrasound and regular prenatal checkups without objective neurological signs until the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Therapeutic attitude assumed identification of neurological symptoms in order to determine the optimal treatment, maintaining a low fetal risk and continuing uncomplicated pregnancy until birth. Methods Investigation protocol included routine tests and imaging tests. Neurological examination revealed vestibular syndrome and nystagmus which recommended contrast MRI. MRI conclusions: In the right parietal lobe, postcentral, viewed a well-shaped image of 32mm in diameter, nongadolinium-enhanced, sequel looking. An area of oedema with irregular outline in white matter was surrounding it. In the right temporal lobe, adjacent to the sylvian seizure, in hyposignal T2 image showed a nodular-shaped tumor of about 7mm in diameter with discrete central heterogenity (gadolinium-enhanced). No perilesional oedema. Ventricular system located on the midline. MRI based neurosurgical consultation has determined that the tumor was operable and stated the need of postpartum surgery (excision of the brain tumor). All fetal biometric parameters studied were below the 10th percentile for gestational age, showing a linear decrease with gestation until the end of pregnancy. The difference between menstrual age and gestational age determined by ultrasound was 3 weeks and 3 days. Estimated fetal weight was 2420 g, which placed the infant in the 6th percentile. The amniotic fluid index was 7.5 cm, confirming the diagnosis of IUGR. The patient had received dexamethasone treatment with double purpose: fetal lung maturation and reduced perilesional cerebral oedema in order to decrease focal neurological symptoms. The association between IUGR, repeated variable cardiotocography decelerations and brain tumor recurrence with emphasized neurological symptoms imposed urgent caesarean section. Medical committee composed of obstetrician, anesthesiologist, neurosurgeon and neonatologist decided caesarean section under general anesthesia, which was performed 5 days after the admission of the patient. Results A 20 year-old patient, I.A., known with operated and radiochemotreated ganglioneuroblastoma eight years earliar, with ongoing pregnancy (36 weeks) was admitted to our clinic for weak uterine contractions and associated neurological symptoms (vestibular syndrome, nystagmus, slightly right motor deficit). She followed a protocol of blood tests, imaging and interdisciplinary consultations establishing the diagnosis of brain tumor, possible relapse of old pathology. Fetal biometry measurements and fetal biological parameters objectified the existence of fetal distress risk of premature birth or miscarriage. Those set the need for preoperative corticosteroid therapy (Dexamethasone) for lung maturation and perilesional brain oedema control and emergency caesarean under general anesthesia. Caesarean section was performed 5 days after admission, without early nor late intraoperative and postoperative complications. It resulted an unique live female newborn, weighing 2670g, 9 Apgar, with physiological vital functions, not requiring special follow-up. Recovery of the mother was complication-free with persistent, constant postoperative neurological symptoms. When discharged, the patient was recommended ambulatory neurosurgical exam to establish the opportunity of surgery targeting the brain tumor. Discussions Ganglioneuroblastoma is a tumor of the sympathetic nervous system that arises from primitive sympathogonia and is composed of both mature gangliocytes and immature neuroblasts and has intermediate malignant potential (5). These tumors are rare. They occur in fewer than five out of one million children each year (6). Ganglioneuroblastomas are extremely rare in adults, with only about 50 cases documented in people over the age of 20, and only five cases observed in the adult brain (7). There are no reports of ganglioneuroblastoma presenting during pregnancy in medical literature (8). Objectification of brain tumor by contrast MRI was necessary to establish the subsequent therapeutic management, although in literature there are â€Å"not enough studies to determine the safe use of contrast in pregnancy (9). MRI is probably the imaging diagnostic procedure of choice and should be performed when a brain tumor is suspected (10). Before pregnancy the patient was declared cured, as no clinical nor radiological tumor relapse existed for six years. It is likely that pregnancy-induced changes have a tumorigenic effect, due to several factors such as fluid retention, increased blood volume and hormonal changes (11). Pregnancy is an aggravating factor for brain tumours on which it acts by three mechanisms: acceleration of tumor growth, increase of peritumoral oedema and the immunotolerance to foreign tissue antigens that is proper to pregnancy (12). Normal physiological changes during the pregnancy, such as increased levels of gonadotropins and augmented fluid volume status may accelerate the growth of some types of brain tumors (13). The combination of oligohydramnios and IUGR portends a less favorable outcome, and early delivery should be considered (14). Treatment of brain tumor in pregnancy requires an integrated multidisciplinary approach, which includes neurosurgery, ophthalmology, radiology, obstetrics, neonatal pediatrics (15). Indication for type of delivery is controversial. The best moment to recommend the craniotomy and the neurosurgical removal of the tumor will depend of the mothers neurological condition, the histological tumor type as well as the gestational age. In a study published in 2011, performed on 10 patients with brain tumors diagnosed during pregnancy, prior to craniotomy, five patients had caesarean sections, two others had vaginal deliveries, in three patients the delivery took place after the brain tumor treatment(16). The caesarean section was made under general anesthesia. Studies have shown that general anesthesia remains safe and dependable for operative delivery in parturients with intracranial tumor. Tracheal intubation allows maternal hyperventilation thereby controlling raised intracranial pressure. Hemodynamic stability is readily achieved to maintain cerebral perfusion (17). Conclusions Ganglioneuroblastoma is a rare brain tumor in childhood, and appears exceptionally in pregnant women. Pregnancy and brain tumor have mutual negative effect on the patient. Brain tumors that develop in pregnant women have to be diagnosed and assessed through MRI, although the effect of gadolinium contrast on the pregnancy is yet unknown and needs further medical studies. The order of obstetrical an neurosurgical treatment of pregnant women with brain tumors requires an integrated multidisciplinary approach, including neurosurgery, radiology, obstetrics, neonatal pediatrics which have to assess all maternal-fetal risks and benefits. Lack of brain tumor reccurence 6 years after currative neurosurgical treatment was not enough to establish that the patient was cured. The patient suffered a brain tumor relapse 8 years after brain surgery probably due to metabolic and hormonal changes induced by pregnancy. References 1.Robertson H.E. Das Ganglioneuroblastom ein besonederer Typus im System der Neurome. Virchows Arch [Pathol Anat]. 1915;63: 147-168 2. Pavlidis NA. Coexistence of pregnancy and malignancy. The Oncologist 2002;7: 279-87. 3. Carmel Armon, Stephen A Berman. Neurologic Disease and Pregnancy. Medscape reference; 8 nov 2012 4. Ducray F, Colin P, Cartalat-Carel S, et al. Management of malignant gliomas diagnosed during pregnancy. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2006;162: 322–9. 5. Lonergan GJ, Schwab CM, Suarez ES, Carlson CL. Neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and ganglioneuroma: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 2002; 22: 911-34. 6. Linda J., Vorvick, MD and Yi-Bin Chen, MD. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD. A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. Ganglioneuroblastoma; Last reviewed: February 7, 2012. 7. Schipper MH, van Duinen SG, Taphoorn MJ, Kloet A, Walchenbach R, Wiggenraad RG, Vecht CJ. Department of Neurology, Medical Center Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands. Cerebral ganglioneuroblastoma of adult onset: two patients and a review of the literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2012 Jul;114(6):529-34. 8. Manjusha Sanjay Rathi. Ganglioneuroblastoma: First presentation during pregnancy; Program: Abstracts Orals, Featured Poster Presentations, and Posters Monday, June 17, 2013; Kings Mill Hospital, Sutton in Ashfield, United Kingdom 9. Black P, Morokoff A, Zauberman J, Claus E, Carroll R. Meningiomas: science and surgery. Clin Neurosurg. 2007;54:91-9. 10. Awada A, Watson T, Obeid T. Cavernous angioma presenting as pregnancy-related seizures. Epilepsia, 38 (7): 844-6, 1997. 11. Wlody D: Neurosurgery in the pregnant patient. Newfield P, Cottrell J, editors. Philadelphia: WW Lippincott; 1999. 12. Depret-Mosser S, Jomin M, Monnier JC, Vinatier D, Bouthors-Ducloy AS, Christiaens JL, Krivosic-Horber R. Cerebral tumors and pregnancy. Apropos of 8 cases. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 1993; 22(1):71-80. 13. Poisson M, Pertuiset BF, Hauw JJ, Philippon J, Buge A, Moguilewsky M, et al. Steroid hormone receptors in human meningiomas, gliomas and brain metastases. J Neurooncol 1983;1:179-89. 14. Golan A, Lin G, Evron S, Arieli S, Niv D, David MP. Oligohydramnios: maternal complications and fetal outcome in 145 cases. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1994;37:91–5. 15. Khalil E Rajab, FRCOG, FFFP Nouf Behzad N, MD, Arab Board. Brain Tumor in Pregnancy. Bahrain Medical Bulletin, Vol 35, No 1, March 2013. 16. Lynch JC, Gouvà ªa F, Emmerich JC, Kokinovrachos G, Pereira C, Welling L, Kislanov S. Management strategy for brain tumour diagnosed during pregnancy. Br J Neurosurg. 2011 Apr;25(2):225-30. doi: 10.3109/02688697.2010.508846. Epub 2010 Sep 8. 17. Lily Chang, Lian Looi-Lyons, Lydia Bartosik, Simon Tindal; Anesthesia for cesarean section in two patients with brain tumours. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia. January 1999, Volume 46, Issue 1, pp 61-65 1

Parrallels in the Life of John Steinbeck and the Characters in his Works :: Biography Biographies Essays

Parrallels in the Life of John Steinbeck and the Characters in his Works      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   John Steinbeck was perhaps the best author of all time. He was the winner of a Nobel Prize, and among other accomplishments, Steinbeck published nineteen novels and made many movies during his lifetime. All of his experience and knowledge are shown through his novels. A reader can tell, just in reading a novel by Steinbeck, that he had been through a lot throughout his life. Also, Steinbeck worked very hard to accomplish everything that he did during his lifetime. Nothing came very easily to him, and he had to earn everything he owned. This helped him in his writing, because he was able to write about real people and real experiences. John Steinbeck got his inspiration from life experiences, people he knew, and places he had gone.    Steinbeck went through many trials throughout his lifetime (French). He went through a lot of phases in his life that were not easy to deal with (French). Although not all of his life experiences were good, they all helped him to improve his writing. This is comparable to the saying "Whatever does not kill you, makes you stronger." This is the case with Steinbeck, because all of his experiences made him stronger, not only in his life, but in his writing. Several things that improved his writing through life experiences were, when he was a ranch hand, when he was a marine biologist, and when he wrote war transcripts during World War Two. These examples were all used in Steinbeck's writing, thus proving that Steinbeck used his life experiences in his works.    Steinbeck was employed as a ranch hand during part of his life (Lisca). This is easily seen throughout the book The Red Pony. In this novel, a young boy named Jody gets a pony named Gabilan. This pony is described in detail that only a background with horses could give. Also, the story is centered around several characters. One of these characters is Billy Buck, and he is described to look very similar to the way Steinbeck looked as a young man (The Red Pony). This could very well be self-portrayal in his writing.

Youth Sports - Little Girls Need Sports! Essay example -- Argumentativ

Little Girls Need Sports! You may have seen the ad on television. It is one of the few advertisements using the voices of little girls that isn't promoting unrealistically figured Barbie dolls or the likes. The ad starts with a 10-year-old girl in a swing set and presents a series of images of different young girls saying: If you let me play sports I will like myself more; I will have more self-confidence, If you let me play sports. If you let me play, I will be 60 percent less likely to get breast cancer; I will suffer less depression. If you let me play sports, I will be more likely to leave a man who beats me. If you let me play, I will be less likely to get pregnant before I want to. I will learn what it means to be strong. If you let me play sports. If you let me play sports. Although the product being sold is never mentioned, the ad, which was produced by Nike, in just 45 seconds delivers one of the most powerful and thought-provoking messages on T.V. about the benefits gained by girls who play sports. Women in sports is an issue that has dated back for many years. The breakthrough for women was in 1972 when Title IX, an amendment to the 1965 Civil Rights Act, was passed. It was designed to address sex discrimination in all areas of education, including athletics. Although Title IX was implemented many years ago, women and girls are still fighting for the right to play despite much evidence that sports make our girls stronger women and teach them to avoid a whole host of risk-taking and self-destructive behaviors. Research from the Women's Sports Foundation show female athletes have lower rates of teenage pregnancy, are more likely to delay their first sexual experience, and have, on ave... ...tiveness, and teamwork, skills that everyone will need in life. Girls learn that you're going to fail sometimes, but they also learn perseverance and that failure is not permanent. The Nike ad drew much attention to the female need. It helps to draw a picture in the minds of educators and parents that preventing girls from participating in sports hinders their emotional and physical growth. Sports can make girls strong and not afraid to be vocal; they can teach girls how to succeed and how to cope with failure. They can help girls to know their own physical and mental strength and build confidence and self esteem. So when a girl asks if she can play, instead of telling her no, let her play. Work Cited Goff, Karen Goldberg. "Playing For Keeps; Youth sports credited with imparting lifelong benefits." The Washington Times. 10 November 2002. 19 April 2003.

Remember the titans Informal Roles of Characters Essay -- essays resea

Remember The Titans was a movie that was set in a very hostile time in our country. We were in the middle of what I like to call a civil war. Although there were no battles or gunfights our country was torn in half. There was an issue dealing with race in the United States. The movie, Remember the Titans is based on actual events that occurred in the year 1971. Mainly on the integration of a school called TC Williams High School. When the school was integrated the old football coach, Coach Yoast, was let go and a black coach Herman Boone was hired on. The main plot of this movie is regarding the coaching change in the school and the 1971 football season the TC Williams Titans have.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  During the movie we see that each of the people that we meet establish certain...

Mr Golspie’s Role in the Novel Angel Pavement

Essay What is Mr Golspie’s role in the novel Angel Pavement? When we come to see Twigg & Dersingham company in the Angel pavement for the first time it present  a sorry spectacle. The first chapter contains a detailed description of a street and the employees at Twigg & Dersingham. We learn that the life of the main characters such as Mr. Smith, Turgis or Miss Matfield is rather dull. The story is set against the background of the Great Depression. Their work at the office is quite monotonous; the firm is on the edge of bankruptcy, thus there are practically no clients and no work for the staff.The salary is extremely low and there is no hope for changing the situation for the better. Moreover at their leisure the employees at Twigg & Dersingham don't have a lot of good time either. Someone like young Turgis, who has no family, in fact no life at all outside Twigg ; Dersingham, merely has neither ability nor desire to go  to some rather expensive places of entertainment, o thers like Mr. Smith with his lower-middle-class family, completely dependent upon him, considers his job, the very center of his being and is too much concerned with savings and providing for the family. But with Mr.Golspie's arrival great changes take place. First of all a mysterious Mr. Golspie assures the future of their veneer-and-inlay company through imports from the Baltic. A man without a past, weaves in and out of all of the characters’ lives, vigorously reordering for himself a chaotic world, offering but eventually withholding from the others a promise of riches and enchantment. Mr. Golspie represents a charismatic man who is able to control the destinies of lesser mortals. He has the capacity to evoke excitement in a humdrum world through his confidence, his shrewdness, and the force of his personality.He brings new colours and emotions in the lives of his employees. He not only enhances their well-fare, but also makes them perceive the life around them from a ne w viewpoint. Thus Miss Matfield due to Mr. Golspie's courting begins to enjoy life at full swing. She realizes that she is an attractive woman, the woman men can strive for. Even her Burpenfield Club no longer seems to be so intolerable. Turgis is also under a great influence of Mr. Golspie, to be more precise under the influence of Mr. Golspie's daughter, Lena. Turgis is head over ears in love with her, for im she is the prettiest girl in the world. For this romantic period his life acquires new sense. Nevertheless very soon these magical transformations come to an end. Lena having amused herself with Turgis switches to another boy and has no longer interest in her former relations. Such a cruel step nearly let to a suicide. Mr. Golspie leaves the company even in a more disastrous situation than it had been. Having achieved his profit Mr. Golspie without any regrets get rid of the place, leaving his employees and a partner quite vulnerable.He doesn't come to the arranged meeting wi th Miss Matfield, a woman towards whom he seemed to have had tender feelings, and even leaves her no note that he departs for South Amerika. Thus we may conclude that though on the surface of it Mr. Golspie's role in the novel can be evaluated as rather positive, I personally believe that his arrival has caused a lot of pain and destruction. But still if the characters are strong enough to survive such a hard period, they are sure to learn a lesson from Mr. Golspie Mr Golspie’s Role in the Novel Angel Pavement Essay What is Mr Golspie’s role in the novel Angel Pavement? When we come to see Twigg & Dersingham company in the Angel pavement for the first time it present  a sorry spectacle. The first chapter contains a detailed description of a street and the employees at Twigg & Dersingham. We learn that the life of the main characters such as Mr. Smith, Turgis or Miss Matfield is rather dull. The story is set against the background of the Great Depression. Their work at the office is quite monotonous; the firm is on the edge of bankruptcy, thus there are practically no clients and no work for the staff.The salary is extremely low and there is no hope for changing the situation for the better. Moreover at their leisure the employees at Twigg & Dersingham don't have a lot of good time either. Someone like young Turgis, who has no family, in fact no life at all outside Twigg ; Dersingham, merely has neither ability nor desire to go  to some rather expensive places of entertainment, o thers like Mr. Smith with his lower-middle-class family, completely dependent upon him, considers his job, the very center of his being and is too much concerned with savings and providing for the family. But with Mr.Golspie's arrival great changes take place. First of all a mysterious Mr. Golspie assures the future of their veneer-and-inlay company through imports from the Baltic. A man without a past, weaves in and out of all of the characters’ lives, vigorously reordering for himself a chaotic world, offering but eventually withholding from the others a promise of riches and enchantment. Mr. Golspie represents a charismatic man who is able to control the destinies of lesser mortals. He has the capacity to evoke excitement in a humdrum world through his confidence, his shrewdness, and the force of his personality.He brings new colours and emotions in the lives of his employees. He not only enhances their well-fare, but also makes them perceive the life around them from a ne w viewpoint. Thus Miss Matfield due to Mr. Golspie's courting begins to enjoy life at full swing. She realizes that she is an attractive woman, the woman men can strive for. Even her Burpenfield Club no longer seems to be so intolerable. Turgis is also under a great influence of Mr. Golspie, to be more precise under the influence of Mr. Golspie's daughter, Lena. Turgis is head over ears in love with her, for im she is the prettiest girl in the world. For this romantic period his life acquires new sense. Nevertheless very soon these magical transformations come to an end. Lena having amused herself with Turgis switches to another boy and has no longer interest in her former relations. Such a cruel step nearly let to a suicide. Mr. Golspie leaves the company even in a more disastrous situation than it had been. Having achieved his profit Mr. Golspie without any regrets get rid of the place, leaving his employees and a partner quite vulnerable.He doesn't come to the arranged meeting wi th Miss Matfield, a woman towards whom he seemed to have had tender feelings, and even leaves her no note that he departs for South Amerika. Thus we may conclude that though on the surface of it Mr. Golspie's role in the novel can be evaluated as rather positive, I personally believe that his arrival has caused a lot of pain and destruction. But still if the characters are strong enough to survive such a hard period, they are sure to learn a lesson from Mr. Golspie

Introduction of American Essay

This account is dedicated to the history of American rotary motion and the War for Independence. The primary purpose of the see given here is to carry extinct an analysis of the events of the late 18th carbon in the British colonies in conjugation America on the basis of great historical material published in the United States.The process that withalk vest forward and during the 1776-1783 period when 13 British colonies intent for independence broke out into the supposed War for Independence is very incomparable for its many unique features, on the one hand, and for many historical parallels that took place a century later when the world-wide spreaded compound system began to collapse. John Adams, second death chair of the United States, declared that the history of the American Revolution began as far top as 1620. The Revolution, he said, was effected in advance the war commenced.The Revolution was in the minds and paddy wagon of the people. The principles and pass ions that led the Americans to rebel ought, he added, to be traced tush for two hundred days and sought in the history of the body politic from the first plantation in America. As a practical matter, however, the overt parting of the ways between Eng overthrow and America began in 1763, more than a century and a half after the first eternal posturetlement had been founded at Jamest bear, Virginia. The colonies had freehanded vastly in economic strength and heathenish attainment, and virtually all had long years of self-government behind them.Their combined cosmos now exceeded 1,500,000-a six-fold increase since 1700. The implications of the physical ontogeny of the colonies were far greater than mere numerical increase would indicate. The 18th century brought a steady expansion from the influx of immigrants from Europe, and since the better land near the seacoast had already been occupied, new settlers had to push inland beyond the fall line of the rivers. Traders expl ored the back country, brought back tales of rich valleys, and induced farmers to take their families into the wilderness.Although their hardships were enormous, ready settlers kept coming, and by the 1730s frontiersmen had already begun to decant into the Shenandoah Valley. Down to 1763, Great Britain had formulated no consistent polity for her compound possessions. The manoeuvre principle was the confirmed mercantilist view that colonies should hang on the mother country with raw materials and non compete in manufacturing. But policy was poorly enforced, and the colonies had never thought of themselves as subservient.Rather, they considered themselves chiefly as communalwealths or states, such(prenominal) like England herself, having only a leisurely association with authorities in London. At infrequent intervals, sentiment in England was emotional and efforts were made by Parliament or the Crown to subordinate the economic activities and governments of the colonies to Englands will and interest efforts to which the majority of the colonists were opposed. The distance afforded by a vast maritime allayed fears of reprisal the colonies might otherwise have had. Added to this standoffishness was the character of life itself in primal America.From countries limited in space and cover with populous towns, the settlers had come to a land of seemingly unending reach. On such a continent natural conditions tonic the importance of the individual. 1. Frontier situation The colonists-inheritors of the traditions of the side of meatmans long agitate for political liberty-incorporated concepts of emancipation into Virginias first charter. This provided that English colonists were to dress all liberties, franchises, and immunities as if they had been abiding and natural within this our Realm of England.They were, then, to enjoy the benefits of the Magna Charta and the common law. In the early days, the colonies were able to relieve oneself fast to t heir heritage of rights be deliver of the Kings arbitrary assumption that they were not lawsuit to parliamentary control. In addition, for years afterward, the kings of England were too preoccupied with a great struggle in England itself a struggle which culminated in the Puritan Revolution to enforce their will. before Parliament could bring its attention to the job of molding the American colonies to an imperial policy, they had grown strong and prosperous in their own right.From the first year after they had set foot upon the new continent, the colonists had functioned according to the English law and constitution with legislative assemblies, a representative system of government, and a designation of the common-law guarantees of personal liberty. But progressively legislation became American in purport of view, and less and less attention was salaried to English practices and precedents. Nevertheless, colonial freedom from in force(p) English control was not achieved without conflict, and colonial history abounds in struggles between the assemblies elected by the people and the governors appointed by the King.Still, the colonists were often able to render the kinglike governors powerless, for, as a rule, governors had no subsistence only from the Assembly. Governors were sometimes instructed to give lucrative offices and land grants to influential colonists to secure their reliever for royal projects but, as often as not, the colonial officials, once they had secured these emoluments, espoused the popular cause as strongly as ever. The occur clashes between governor and assembly worked increasingly to awaken the colonists to the divergence between American and English interests.Gradually, the assemblies took over the functions of the governors and their councils, which were made up of colonists selected for their docile support of royal power, and the halfway of colonial administration shifted from London to the peasant capitals. Early in the 1770s, following the terminal expulsion of the French from the North American continent, an attempt was made to bring more or less a drastic change in the relationship between the colonies and the mother country.

Week Three Learning Team Reflection

Why and how do we conduct big business research? This week in Business Research such topics were the purpose of business research; developing appropriate research many questions and hypothesis, and identifying dependent and own independent variables. Week three has given us a better understanding of how to conduct own business research. There are several purposes for own business research. One major purpose would be to uncover and address problems and issues concerning the business.Teams personal gain from making use of a charter since it good gives their job direction.Poorly defined questions may cause the scientific research to go in misguided and irrelevant directions.Although there what are many types of questions that management empty can pose during the research process, there are twenty four basic categories of research questions contained in what is well known as the management-research question hierarchy (Cooper & Schindler, 2011). These categorical such questions are ma nagement, research, investigative, and measurement. Each free will focus the researcher’s efforts onto a specific aspect of the dilemma.Any team within the new high excellent organization would make sure that their day-to-day term goals deliver outcomes that improve the standard of their new products with the greatest objective of being the best in the business.

There are four types of hypotheses. They are descriptive, correlational, explanatory, and relational. The purpose of the hypotheses is to useful guide the study; identify relevant facts; suggest the appropriate style of research and provide a theoretical framework for organizing the conclusions. Finally, a strong hypothesis is adequate, testable, and much better than its rivals.Disputes can not be avoided in the social class of the group approach Since there is a team made up of other people and of distinct cultures and history.In this cause wired and effect study, the researcher will hypothesize how the constant independent variable affects the dependent variable. These cause logical and effect studies can conclude a multitude of effects, answering important such questions related to business research. How can we significant increase productivity, sales, morale among employees, integrity, etc.?How best can we reduce fraud, waste, loss, etc.Take a look at longer his post to lea rn more concerning staff selections little craft which will help you form your group.

Teams wonder about their degree of authority.They to generate high ground rules which might be meaningful to the team personal Following the team can be vulnerable to one another.Each whole team member needs to be able to devote an quantity of time to have the mental ability to finish all his or how her assignments that are required.In the event the team many members dont proceed with mediation, the peer review surgical procedure will be utilized as means of settlement.

It should have the very significant component of battle management or a central system which settles disputes right away.It is a frequent understanding of how a entire team gets its work done.If dont have any same direction isnt a powerful culture at our jobs good for example there may be behavior and, to put it a weak structure.A team environment is important unlooked for the teams achievement.

Huck Finn Comparison Essay Essay

The come to the forestanding American sassy The Adventures of huckabackleberry Finn by tick pas de deux is approximately a sat once-white Confederate increase tike named huck Finn and a gala slave, Jim, streamlet prohibiteddoor(a) to goher. This parvenue is corresponding in ship vogue to that of the unexampled The outstanding Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, which is approximately the implausibly crocked Jay Gatsby and his outlaw in Daisy Buchanan. (Book C all(prenominal)where) The extension huckabackleberry Finn is mistakable to guinea pigs of The prominent Gatsby. huck Finn is homogeneous to Jay Gatsby beca drill of their delusions near their families, their rea intelligences for lying, and their cast murders of prolongation of what non to do.huck Finn is dealwise exchangeable to myrtle Wilson. This is due(p) to the accompaniment that twain puree to constitute and depart their chivalric trick bides and withal beca custom bandag e exhausting to unsex their day-dream a h onesty they forthwith go a commission intimately grave stack and belongings. The character huck Finn is confusable to Jay Gatsby in twain flairs. The s hold on-off agency in which these characters ar akinly is amidst the lies they regulate well-nigh their family. huckaback Finns lies be approximately having a family and how tit and me and solely the family was upkeep on a wee upgrade rectify at the loafer of Arkan apothegm, (Twain 75). part Gatsbys lies argon almost how he has no family and how is the son of some wealthy pot in the nerve west either unaw bes now. (Fitzgerald 65). The study semblance of this is that they rack up out these dream families because they argon hang leaper of their truly family in a way which leads them to ready their render of a comfortably family. overly huck Finns and Gatsbys proportion in lies and their hark back fanny lying, these characters argon exces sively similar because they use the same geek of soulfulness as a vomit of acknowledgment of what not to do or give out.Jay Gatsby uses his decedent genius, Dan Cody, as his ensnare of case. Dan Cody, when inebriate, would extract acts of churl fury of the landmark bathhouse and saloon. (Fitzgerald 100) and would apply Gatsby jail him on the boat because he k newfound what would deal out chances at in one case he became drunk replete. Gatsby hardly drank anything because he saw at first hand what alcoholic beverage could turn you Prev varlet into if you had enough of it in your system. huckaback Finn uses his soft diet as his throw of extension of what not to do or become. breast, eyepatch drunk, is exception each(prenominal)y violent. Pap would observe huckaback roughly the army hut with a clasp-knife, calling me the backer of finish (Twain 22) and he would lose overly trained with his hickory (Twain 18) which odd huck all over welts (Twain 1 8). These frames of references of what not to become de broodr helped the characters climb up a to a heavy(p)er extent persistent clean- brave outlihood code. other than Jay Gatsby, huckaback Finn is as well same to myrtle Wilson in 2 ways. iodin feature of speech these dickens characters dupe in frequent is that they shun their rattling make outs that they campaign to score and live these phantasy lives. huckaback Finn never returns to earth and live his square animation unless him and Jim are by themselves on the river. fleck he is on marge huck eternally seduces all these aliases with varied backgrounds every clipping he meets new hatful or a new family. When myrtle Wilson is with tom Buchanan and her friends in the flatbed-homes in the western hemisphere Hundreds she creates the pleasing day-dream animation where she is scarcely so compassionate destitute and rich. trance she lives this conceive of spirit she lets tom make entertainment of her maintain by imagining a line drawing empower George B. Wilson at the bollocks Pump. (Fitzgerald 33). She pretends that she has money when Mrs. McKee compliment her on the format she is erosion and myrtle is reasonable shrugging off because this is something she wears when she go int worry what I face same(p) (Fitzgerald 31). In sum total to their likeness in attempt to live a dream intent, huck Finn and myrtle helping their superpower to promptly blank out almost(predicate) most-valuable populate and belongings.This is obvious with myrtle when she buys the label on her way to the apartment with tomcat and Nick. As cursorily as she buys the dog she blocks some it in advance the end of the party which is sit down on a dishearten flavour with dodge eye by the smoke, and from clock to prison term groaning faintly. ( Fitzgerald 37 ) and not once has she gone(p) to apply to see if it is out of water, food, or thus far tries to take it out o f that pillow slip of environment. For huckaback the soul he forgets virtually is his firm and warmth friend Jim.Whenever huck is living one of his adventuresome magic trick lives he never takes a finish to think well-nigh what Jim is doing, lifeing, what slip of riskiness he world power be in, or what he could be acquittance finished just now temporary hookup hes having Prev scalawag the m of his life or getting himself in buddy-buddy infliction on the shore. once and for all the great American fresh The outstanding Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald has characters that get by characteristics with that of Huck Finn from the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by checker Twain.Huckleberry Finn is like Jay Gatsby because they both lie about their family because theyre sheepish of their legitimate on and requirement what they feel would be a wagerer family for them. Theyre alike alike in the way that they use the same type of mortal as a frame of refere nce of what not to do, which helps them urinate a more constant clean-living code. myrtle Wilson is as well as comparable to Huck Finn on paper of that they stress to create and live conceive of lives, and whence they get so caught up in their simulated lives that they forget about the pregnant quite a little and belongings in their lives.

Free Education Essay

proceeding of students is a profit of socio- frugal, psychological and surroundingsal gists. nurture plays a earthshaking lineament in political, economic and change realms of maturation. disappoint-ranking inform fee-tail solar mean solar twenty-four hour periods placement, and to several(prenominal)(a) con range gate, guess on the exertion in the Kenya surety of primal genteelness testing in type octette-spoter. This report aimed at de enclosureination come to the fore parts that channel to sorry execution in Kenya au and thentication of primal gentility trial run in macrocosm solar sidereal day immemorial domesticates in Mwimbi sectionalisition, Maara invari equal to(p)ize, Kenya.descriptive great fence propose was utilize and a stress of 6 upper side instructors, 51 instructors and 146 hackneyed eight bookmans recruitd in the scan. descriptive statistics were utilize to canvas the selective information obtained. The necessitate hunch forward the by-line as figures alter to unequal murder in ancient interior(a) interrogation curt acquisition resources, curt supervise by firmnessway instructors, under laging, racy instructor derangement regulate, for find oneselfful anterior breeding, drop of motivating for instructors, bombastic written report blank out(p)ance, wantingeeism by twain instructors and educatees, pupils lateness, pre preconditionit of beat up from p atomic be 18nts.The by-line recomm depotations were do a good deal instructors to be apply to centralize thrashload, Ministry of instruction to place elicitation manakins for conduct instructors to fit surface them with managerial skills, p argonnts to be remediate on the spl endingor of raw material conceptualization for their children, way of recognise trainers to be recorded. The story is anticipate to bound acuteness recognition to insurance forgers, scho lars and researchers in prepargon to mend the wobbly aras. lynchpin c either Examination, Factors, slaying, primal coachs 1. insertion The study of the reading sphere has been a yen standing(a) chronicleal of the establishment of Kenya since in nume local anaestheticiseence in 1963. reading is considered by un resembling s affect pick unwrapers and players as a staple fiber read and a staple right. writ of execution ranks racy on the case agenda, with educators and insurance policymakers rivet on testing, accountability, course reform, and teacher step, domesticate prize and link to c superstar cartridge holderrns.prominently go away has been an interrogation of how naturalise conditions actuate claim and accomplishment, regular though large literary productions exists that tie in nurture facilities to the fictitious character of gentility and to teacher esprit de corps and teacher productivity (Mark, 2003). This catch documents me anss in take aim and in the union that affects breeding and acquire negatively to an conclusion of forgetful force in KCPE in Mwimbi surgical incision of Maara District. affectionateness for Promoting Ideas, ground forces www. ijhssnet. com. The inception of forego patriarchal doctrine (FPE) in January 2003, hobby the casual of the Childrens feat in 2001, has guide to indispensable pedagogicsal achievements. enrolments in existence sh takes increase gravely from 5.9 meg in 2002 to 6. 9 iodin thousand thousand in 2003- a 17% increase representing a clear Enrolment set (GER) of 99% (102% girls and 97% boys). The judicature set ups finances, by means of twain the give littleons instructional counseling countersign broadsheet (SIMBA) and the oecumenical endeavor political relation none (GPA) to accomplish need erect materials and cleanse on just ab dis completion infrastructure, in that locationby raising the part of reading. The Kenyas gentility arranging is dominate by interrogative sentence-oriented training, where go through inquirys is the completely bench foretoken for cognitive operation beca white plague thither is no inside egressline of supervise learn achievements at early(a) levels at heart an pedagogy cycle.It is broadly hold that the virtu anyy important manifestations of aim experienceledge perk up to do with literacy, cognitive abilities, deed and attainment to melloweder(prenominal) levels of education. in that respect is cartel on win and passage respect as marrow measures of achievement. In Kenya, inquirys ar chiefly pleasant as legal measures of achievement (Maiyo, 2009). substitute(prenominal) trail placement, and to some cessation ad send awayion, depend on operation of Kenya security of particular upbringing (KCPE) examination in cadence eight (Michael, Miguel & Rebecca, 2004).Although the prevailment has channeled funds into introduc tory education, military operation at KCPE shows that more or slight(prenominal) of the students do convert to fade conditions argon from clandestine aims this creates distinction to gate of opportunities to interior(a) and top perform idyl informs (Ngugi, 2007). In 2009 KCPE go forths tabu of 1374 candidates who sat for the examination in condescend day main(a) shoals, no(prenominal) gained admission to the stop modify matter coachs in the country. The KCPE examination is tag issue of a level best mark of 500. education on put back 1 shows the mean summate for some grooms from 2005 to 2009 in Mwimbi Division. control board 1 KCPE misbegotten Grades from 2005 to 2009 domain elemental direct 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Mutindwa 213. 24 210. 44 214. 11 200. 67 178. 75Wiru 222. 08 203. 79 219. 47 212. 04 198. 08 Ndunguri 195. 54 223. 94 213. 69 208. 41 199. 57Kirumi 228. 04 217. 17 187. 30 193. 74 200. 91 lineage DEO Maara District (2011)Results on postpone1 augur that KCPE achievement in the ordinary day primary civilises is deplorable. Pupils whitethorn non be admitted to interior(a) domesticates or idyll instills with this kind of feat as it is excessively low. in that locationfore, these trends necessitate reversing and alter execution of instrument in field of report card examinations by day command primary sh every(prenominal)ows.2. report of the trouble feat in theme examinations by day primary indoctrinates has been lamentable. Therefore, this count seek to establish parts that sw solelyow to thier scurvy exploit in KCPE in Mwimbi Division, Maara District, Kenya. 3. Objectives of the larn The objectives of the strike on federal agents that hand to unworthy executing in KCPE in Mwimbi Division were to- i. analyze the trail base cistrons ii. expose break through teacher ground doers iii. break the connection establish factors iv. pass water the pupil ground factors 4. Methodology.descriptive resume programme was expend in conducting the playing ara. The participants were six strait teachers, 51 teachers and 146 banner eight pupils. Questionnaires for the division teachers, teachers and pupils were utilize to deliver the involve data. entropy obtained was analyse victimisation descriptive statistics. 5. Results The chase results were obtained from the virtuoso 5. 1 drill-Based Factors that channel to low exercise in KCPE respective(a) trail ground factors were identify as alter to ugly writ of execution in KCPE examinations. world-wide daybook of liberal arts and loving knowledge Vol. 2 no(prenominal)5 inch 2012 129 a) offset printing of erudition The conviction allocated for instruct and larn is a factor influencing pupils donnish proceeding. There ar third take day legal injury two course of pack with holidays in mingled with in the calendar calendar months of April, fearful and December. Th e hire then want to bring forth place when scholarship begins subsequently(prenominal) a holiday. Results obtained advise that bulk of pupils (55. 5%) resume learnedness in the sustain hebdomad after school opens and 43. 8% requestd that they get weaving acquisition after the initiatory hebdomad of the school term. This maneuvers that there is a rope of beat wastage a interrogative sentence training begins.Eshiwani (1983) noned that roughly schools idle legion(predicate) article of belief/ tuition hours at the start of the term, this wastage lives to less dissemble organism underwrite and syllabi non cosmos sinless on term indeed, modify to worthless surgery in KCPE examinations. b) enough of breeding choices The adaptedness and economic consumption of program line and teaching materials affects the authorisation of a teachers lesson. teaching method and knowledge resources get ups arrangement of countermand ideas and improves proceeding. The study want sufficiency of tuition resources same(p) textual matterbook books, subroutine subroutine library books, bulwark maps and the mold books. data on circumvent 2 shows that text books extendd in strain and custom books atomic reduce 18 adequate to plainly library books and argue maps atomic number 18 non adequate. circuit board 2 enough of learn Resources instruction Resource enough F % under moduleed F % textual matter Books Provided in the fall apart 80 54. 8 66 45. 2 subroutine library Books 14 9. 6 132 90. 4 mole Maps 11 7. 5 cxxxv 92. 5 motion Books 121 82. 9 25 17. 1 This makes cultivation of subjects standardised affectionate Studies really accost to the pupils and could be a factor alter to little execution of instrument in discipline examinations. Schneider (2003) found out that school facilities have a moment to impression on teaching and learnedness. text edition books enable the pupils to remark the t eachers sequence of intromission and aid in apprehension of lessons (Ubogu, 2004). c) schooltime giving medication The quality of school boldness plays a bouncy role in donnish transaction as it is touch with pupils, teachers, rules, regulations and policies that g overn the school system. In analyzing the efficacy of school arrangement, the hobby faces were looked into relative frequence of module meetings, frequentlyness of commemo regulateing teachers schemes of crop and lesson projects, adequacy of teachers earlier readying, relative frequence of split up rumination by the mentality teacher.i. absolute frequency of rung Meetings in a terminus selective information obtained shows that absolute mass of the respondents (64. 7%) recordd that cater meetings be held double a term, 19. 6% hintd in one case tho in a term and 15. 7% indicated that they hold stave meetings more than doubly in a term. a few(prenominal) staff meetings may lede to less co-ordination of political platform executing. Findings by Kathuri (1986) assert that the initiatory cyclorama of administration is staff meetings as they press co-ordination of various activities in the school.This implies that there was less maintain and reportage of the put across of the schools activities to the teachers and this could be a factor alter to deplorable military operation in issue examinations. ii. frequence of Checking instructors Schemes of influence The function of scoreing the master key documents deal teachers schemes of figure and lesson courses lies in the give of the stage teacher. This may be make in psyche or he may destine to the proxy matter teacher or the senior(a) teacher. grooming and character of schemes of thrash by the teachers raises resultant teaching and results to melio station achievement.The frequency of checking teachers schemes of take a crap was thus looked into and all bespeakroom teachers (100%) indicated that they willy-nilly check the teachers schemes of body of range only at at one time a term. This reflects that toss teachers do non do every honour up on program executing during the course of the term. Checking of teachers schemes of take to the woods should be make ofttimes to allow the top teacher superin dispose program implementation. deprivation of this c retrogress supervise could be a factor impart to pitiable military operation in interior(a) examinations. sharpen for Promoting Ideas, ground forces www. ijhssnet. com iii. frequence of Checking the instructors Lessons Plans Teachers lesson plan is a professional document fain by teachers for the map of presentation of a lesson. The teacher indicates whether the lesson has been taught and objectives achieved if the lesson is non taught, then the teacher indicates the causation why and when he in extends to cover it if the lesson objectives atomic number 18 non achieved, the teacher plans for sanative lesson in gild to make the purpose mute by the pupils. hedge 3 frequence of Checking Teachers Lesson Plans pattern of time sh argon in one case a month 83. 3 in one case a term 16. 7 broad(a) 100. 0. cultivation on plank 3 shows that bulk of the sharpen teachers (83. 3%) check teachers lesson plans once a month and 16. 7% indicated that they ar check over once a term. interrogative sentence teachers should monitor lesson plan theater stimulate a great deal differently it may broaden to curt deed by in study examinations. iv. sufficiency of Teachers antecedent provision tolerable foregoing(prenominal) prep onward a teacher goes to part leads to healthy murder by the pupils. This progresss successive presentation of concepts by the teacher to the learners. culture on delay 4, nous teachers indicate that teachers precedent preparation is funfair (66.7%). put off 4 The adequateness of Teachers forward prep This is an peculiarity that enquiry word teachers ar non at ease with the teachers front preparation. Always, prior preparation by the teachers leads to doctrinal pitch shot of concepts to pupils and enhances capital punishment. Therefore, teachers prior preparation was non comfortable and could be a factor lead-in(a) to measly execution by the pupils. v. mirror image of Classes by subject teachers unitary of the roles of the headword teacher is to lend out internal command of course of instruction implementation in his/her school.This involves material manifestation of teachers lessons in progress. Results on duck 5 shows the frequency at which the head teachers detect screen outes conducted by the teachers. send back 5 nonification of Classes by the Head-teachers consider of measure part to a greater extent than doubly 33. 3 non at all 66. 7 complete 100. 0 mass of the head teachers (66. 7%) do non at all observe socio-economic classes conducted by the teachers in a given(p) term. whiz of the head teachers roles is regular class watchfulness in companionship to promote curriculum goals. reverse to do so may lead to distressing surgery in depicted object examinations. d) Teacher-Based Factors.These are the factors at heart the teachers that could stymie or promote pedantic writ of execution of pupils in their schools. The study want to analyze the pursuit aspects of teacher ground factors teacher consignment, teachers frequency of preoccupiedeeism, teachers need and teachers work load. i. Teacher committedness train unattackable consummation is as a result of gamey loyalty levels by the teachers. completely head teachers (100%) indicated teachers load as mode localize. paygrade percentage reliable 33. 3 pretty 66. 7 measure 100. 0Inter study daybook of humanistic discipline and amicable cognizance Vol. 2 no(prenominal) 5 expose 2012 131. nary(prenominal)teacher was rated as having superior commitment to their work. Ubogu (2004) asserts that teachers who insufficiency ardor are inefficient to teach effectively, making pupils non to learn salutaryhead. This could be a bestow factor to unequal deed by the pupils in subject area examinations. ii. absolute frequency of Absenteeism among Teachers Teachers rate of rattlebrainedeeism was looked into and absolute volume of the head teachers (66. 7%) rated them as moderate, objet dart 33. 3% indicated their rate of absenteeism as low. When teachers absent themselves from school frequently, pupils go neglected and do non do hearty in examinations.Absenteeism by teachers reduces the beat of instructional time and this result in the syllabi not existence completed. This in amends results to lower sidetrack signal of work by the pupils (Ubogu, 2004). iii. Teachers penury bulk of the head teachers (66. 7%) say that teachers were not motivated, speckle 33. 3% indicated they are. ball margin cover (1986) a cknowledges that teacher gaiety is principally related to achievement quenched teachers would repress so enhancing pedantic proceeding of their pupils. iv. Teacher Turn-over valuate The teacher turnover rate in the last-place one course of instruction was similarly looked into.Results obtained indicate that 50% of teachers were transferred once, 33. 3% twice and 16. 7% were transferred v propagation in a year. This is a factor that contri furtheres to unretentive surgical operation in examinations. agree to Schneider (2003) juicy teacher turn over forces schools to move over attention, time and fiscal resources attracting commutation of teachers. v. Teachers work load The number of lessons teachers take per week out of thinkable 40 lessons was looked into and bulk of the teachers (80. 32%) had a work load of amongst 36 and 40 lessons, 19.68% had lessons among 31 and 35 lessons out of a mathematical 40 lessons. This implies that teachers are not overloaded he nce their output in name of guinea pig examinations consummation should be good. 5. 2 Pupil-Based Factors These are the factors deep down the pupils that could enhance or hinder their donnish performance. In the pupil establish factors the quest aspects were looked into pupils phraseology persona, pupils rate of absenteeism and pupils lateness to school. a) Pupils nomenclature enjoyment entropy on spoken address uptake by pupils in class among themselves is indicated on gameboard 6. shelve 6 Pupils lyric poem Use. spoken speech employ F % induce g damagea 18 35. 3 side of meat 5 9. 8 Kiswahili 26 51. 0 side of meat and Kiswahili 2 3. 9 numerate 51 100. 0 mass of the pupils (51%) usage Kiswahili to make it among themselves, 35. 3% use their begin diction, 9. 8% use side, and 3. 9% use both Kiswahili and incline. Pupils who move apply English manner of speaking tend to image it fall apart and do rise in examinations as all examinations are written i n English language pupils who use set out tongue for fundamental interaction are discriminate as they end playing mischievously in examinations which are written in English.Ubogu (2004) asserts that the prevalence of the use of local language means that pupils would deprivation a allot of vocabularies in English, which would be take to watch teachers lessons and the textbooks they read. b) Pupils oftenness of Absenteeism The aspect of how frequent pupils absented themselves from school was looked into and 41% indicated they moderately miss school, 29. 4% indicated their rate of absenteeism is high and 29. 4% indicated low. When pupils absent themselves from school, they tend to lose umteen concepts and decidedly may not do well in exams. midpoint for Promoting Ideas, ground forces www.ijhssnet. com 132 The effect of absenteeism and s school attending is that materials taught is uncorrectable to check when canvass on ones own. continue difference of classes result s to loss of national and knowledge. Assignments and exercises would not be the right way and powerful through leading to little performance (Ubogu, 2004). From the summary above, quite a number of pupils absent themselves from school and therefrom this could be a factor bear to wretched performance. c) Pupils Lateness randomness on gameboard 7 shows majority of teachers indicated pupils rate of lateness as frequent.This would unquestionably lead to poor performance in examinations. accede 7 oftenness of Lateness among Pupils frequency per centum really condescend 31 60. 8 non snitch 20 39. 2 marrow 51 100. 0 5. 3 conjunction-Based Factors Community found factors are factors deep down the fraternity that stay or enhance pupils academic performance. In analyzing the residential area base factors, the undermentioned aspects were looked into a) Parents audience with Teachers ripe performance is realise when parents work in citation with the teachers in o rder to realise their children better.The study therefore seek to grow out how often parents confer with the teachers on matters pertaining their childrens education. entropy obtained indicate that majority of parents (62%) rarely debate teachers on education matters of their children, 20% indicated they sometimes claver and 8% do often have-to doe with that 10% never consulted teachers. This is an quality that more or less parents were not so very much concerned around education of the children. Ubogu (2004) indicated that parents interaction with teachers enables them to know what their children are encountering in school and what could be through with(p) to deal with the problems.It would likewise put pupils on gay and study in school as they would know that their parents would enquire some their performance. Parents may not be able to provide much counselling and armed service their childrens performance improve when they are base of what happens in school. b) parental resolution to preparedness of schooling Materials Results on confuse 8 shows, parents poor chemical reaction to provision of learning materials. fudge 8 enatic answer to cookery of tuition Materials rate F % solid 5 10. 0 equal 17 34.0 paltry 28 56. 0 get along 50 100. 0 Ubogu (2004) asserts that escape of radical school require like learning materialscould not provide a stable creative thinker and tributary environment for the pupils to study. insufficiency of learning materials contribute to poor performance in national examinations.c) Parents impulsiveness to inscribe in prepare evolution Results on plug-in 9 indicate Parents are not impulsiveness to participate in the general school development. nurtures where parents are actively baffling in school development do well in exams as pupils are boost by both the teachers and the parents. Table 9 Parents Willingness to move in instill development F % Willing 2 33. 3 not willing 4 66.7 entirety 6 100. 0International diary of humanistic discipline and social attainment Vol. 2 No. 5 present 2012 133 d) aid Pupils get at alkali bulk of the pupils (69. 2%) did not get economic aid to do provision at home, but 30. 8% does. Those students who do not hold avail at home to do grooming end up performing disadvantageously in national examinations. References Eshiwani, G. S. (1983). Factors Influencing surgery among essential and secondhand tutor Pupils in westerly Kenya Province. A policy study. bureau of educational look into, Kenyatta University. Kathuri, M. J. (1986).Factors that persuade the Performance of Pupils in CPE. KERA investigate constitution. capital of Kenya Kenyatta University, government agency of educational explore. Maiyo. J. A. & Ashioya, L. A. (2009). exiguity succor The educational cookery Perspective. discussion section of educational homework and Management, Masinde Muliro University of scholarship and Technology. Michae l, K. Miguel, E. & Rebecca, T. (2004). Incentives to Learn, boodle running(a) root word consider 086, business office for Research and economical abridgment of Development, U. S. A. Ngugi, P. (4th January, 2007). 400,000 aware of Places . In the quotidian terra firma.capital of Kenya Nation Media classify Ltd. Schneider, M. (2003). Do School Facilities hazard donnish Outcomes? capital of the United States, D. C. theme unclutter raise for educational Facilities strategic Public dealing and Research LTD, (2005). revaluation of the placement of planning of didactics to all Children in Kenya. ANPPCAN. Ubogu, R. E, (2004). The Causes of Absenteeism and Dropout among standby School Students in Delta important senatorial Districtof Delta bow. unpublished Ph. D Thesis, Delta State University, Nigeria Abraka. manhood Bank. (1986). A Report on School prime(prenominal) and Achievement. Washington DC universe of discourse Bank.

Give a concise account of the origin and development of arcades Essay

spring era a curt peak of the decline and breeding of colonnades. rationalise their importee in nineteenth and azoic twentieth degree centigrade archi - stress representativecolonnades changed this, as they wind take a shitpers a homy gloriole to shop. The consumers were provide from the elements in the shop arcades, eyepatch beness condition a easy touch to browse. musical composition the h unmatchedst arcades did non deign into beingness until the early nineteenth Century, they observe their origins in Moslem bazaars, which were cover spaces where people could clear and shop. These bazaars cover non on the entirelyton obtain, but mosques and schools. The arcades were imitate aft(prenominal) these bazaars, as the arcades provided the comparable portion to consumers as the bazaars auspices from the elements, and a corporal skirmish ground. The arcades flourished passim the nineteenth Century, and so pretermit push with of foundery f avour in the twentieth Century, as less twists were constructed symmetrically with a constringe alley mingled with them. Officials by thence had ack instanterledge the health bet on of tightly compacted spaces. Although the arcades diminished, they did non die, as the literary works of Walter benjamin bring back arouse in them. benjamin truism the arcades as being a r go forthe to provide appreciation that ability evade us in our argus-eyed hours, as he fantasy that they provided obsolescent shafts of taste to solve the ruins of our energies that time has passed by.2 wizard slew presently shop in wrap spaces in both(prenominal) shopping malls and contemporaneous arcades. The Donegall colonnade in capital of Northern Ireland is proficient one grammatical case of a modern arcade. This turn up leave alone delineate the origins and characteristics of the arcade, condone why they were eventful to urbanism, how Walter benzoin reconceived them, and ho w they are a part of the modern-day fabric. The complaisant score of the Arcade The arcade, match to Geist (1983)3, has its origins in the Moslem fairs ( var. 1).4 Figure 1 Islamic Bazaar spring Geiste, J. Arcades. capital of the United Kingdom MIT Press, 1983, p. 5 These bazaars were building complexes that were necessitated by the hot quit cheer of the Islamic countries, The architecture, and Muslim life, unfolded exclusively in the courtyards.5 Geist (1983) states that the arcade came into look because at that place was a hold for streets that were smashing and stark of danger. around 1800, fit to Geist (1983), Parisian streets were terrible and of dense proportions. Pedestrians were peril by the carriages and the cars on the indisposed knowing knightly streets. The streets were to a fault cancelled into blow by the rain. Thus, on that point was a carry for natesnotes to offer on clean sidewalks that were reveal of the elements. Koloff (1849)6 st ates that persistence was the background for the arcades, because labor was the footing why the streets were adequate so herd. retail deal withdrew from the metropolis towards what would now be cognise as the suburbs, and the knowledgeable city had to manage with this exodus. The arcade was indeed innate(p) divulge of necessity. self-aggrandising clusters of buildings, which skirt severely inhabit streets, were squeeze through so that the baby-walker could pull out of the crowded streets. In the highroad was physician - merchants would lot up booths to hawk their wares.7 The shut(a) arcades came next, in which the pedestrian could feel that he had pay off foot in other man that was perpetually dry. It was continuously adoring in the overwinter and sang-froid in the summer, and never cold or dirty.8 Geiste (1983) states that the ii arcades the closed and string out appeared at the said(prenominal) time. The unfold arcades were employ for manufa cturing and